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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Medications help many people manage anxiety, but they aren't the only solution. Exercise and psychotherapy can be powerful treatments too. Certain antidepressants are effective in treating anxiety as well, such as SSRIs like citalopram (Celexa) and Escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac) paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Other medications, such as histamine blockers, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) can also help relieve anxiety. Antidepressants If you're diagnosed with depression, your doctor could prescribe medication as part of a treatment plan. Antidepressants, among the most commonly prescribed medications are available in a variety of kinds. The type of antidepressant your doctor prescribes will be based on your symptoms, other medical conditions, and treatment goals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They work by altering the way nerve cells within your brain communicate. The drugs increase the number of neurotransmitters that are present in your brain, which improves your mood and anxiety. It can take up to several weeks for antidepressants to begin to work and you should be patient. The benzodiazepines are an alternative your doctor could recommend to treat depression and anxiety. They are fast-acting medicines and can be employed as a temporary solution to alleviate the immediate symptoms of anxiety and depression. Benzodiazepines include alprazolam, lorazepam and others. They inhibit the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline hormones, which are involved in the body's fight or flee response. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are a more traditional kind of antidepressant that can also be effective in treating anxiety and depression. These are often prescribed to patients who haven't responded to other antidepressants. They also require dietary changes in order to avoid hypertensive effects caused by the amino acid tyramine. Tell your doctor if are taking an antidepressant under prescription. This includes supplements and vitamins. You may need to lower your dose if you're taking other medications that impact the way antidepressants function, or if they cause adverse effects. Contact a doctor immediately if are thinking of suicide. You may have different symptoms for depression and anxiety or you may have comorbid anxiety and depression. Patients with comorbid anxiety as well as depression are more likely to have a negative medical prognosis as compared to those who only have one disorder. Certain psychiatric medications have been proven to be particularly effective in treating both disorders in people with a comorbidity of anxiety and depression. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines can relieve anxiety symptoms, such as alprazolam, clonazepam and chlordiazepoxid diazepam, lorazepam, and diazepam. These drugs act on the central nervous system's benzodiazepine receptors which are proteins that consist of five transmembrane components that shape a benzyl chloride channel in the middle. The benzodiazepine receptors also have a site that binds the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines reduce nerve activity by increasing the levels of GABA-A. Benzodiazepines have a rapid onset of action, but they are also at chance of dependence and addiction. Antidepressants and antipsychotics, along with anticonvulsants and buspirone, have a slower onset of action, but are still beneficial for long-term use because they do not produce tolerance or create addiction. Depression can be associated with anxiety disorders, and antidepressants are able to help alleviate the symptoms of depression that are a result of anxiety. Many people suffering from depression experience a combination both of anxious and depressive symptoms. They'll have to combine medication with talk therapy to manage their symptoms. In these situations benzodiazepines are used for short durations to treat anxiety and depression symptoms until other medications take effect. The medications are typically prescribed for a short amount of time, but not daily. When taking benzodiazepines over a long period of time may cause withdrawal symptoms, like shaking and trouble sleeping and insomnia, so these drugs should only be taken according to the prescription of your doctor. If you're thinking of taking benzodiazepines in the future, inform your doctor about any past substance abuse or dependence issues, as well as any other mental health issues you suffer from. Your doctor can talk to you about possible side effects, and can suggest alternative medication if necessary to treat depression. If you've never taken benzodiazepines before, or if you use them frequently, they can cause serious and sometimes fatal side effects. If you are pregnant or nursing, or if you have a history with liver disease, respiratory or digestive disorders or liver disease, your doctor may limit the duration of treatment or recommend lower doses. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines and could increase the risk of side effects and dependence, so it is advised not to drink alcohol while you are taking them. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a medicine that can be used to reduce anxiety symptoms. They are a different kind of drug than the benzodiazepines like Xanax, and they are able to block receptors that adrenaline binds to. They also slow down brain and nervous system activity. They are a viable alternative to benzodiazepines, which come with a higher chance of dependence and addiction. Beta blockers, which reduce blood pressure and slow the heart rate, are frequently prescribed to treat heart problems. They can also be helpful for treating anxiety. They aren't FDA-approved to treat anxiety disorder. These drugs are used “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders. They are a good alternative when other antianxiety medications don't work or have unacceptable side consequences. They are particularly effective in cases of performance anxiety and social anxiety, where unpleasant symptoms can manifest during events that trigger anxiety. They can be used in conjunction with other treatment modalities such as CBT and SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an additional therapy for people suffering from GAD which is characterised by frequent and persistent worry that interferes with daily life activities. They can also help manage physical symptoms of anxiety, such as a racing heart or increased sweating. While beta-blockers can help to alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not solve the psychological issues that contribute to the anxiety. They are designed to complement other treatments like benzodiazepines and SSRIs. Before you begin taking beta-blockers it is crucial to talk with your doctor about your medical history as well as any other health issues. The use of these drugs has been linked to a reduction in psychiatric hospitalisations and suicidal behaviour However, the results differ depending on the specific psychiatric condition and psychiatric history prior to the diagnosis. In certain patients, they can increase the risk of heart attacks. There are a few natural products that contain beta-blocker-like properties but they are not as effective as prescription medications. These include antioxidants as well as saffron, garlic and potassium. These natural ingredients aren't fully understood. Certain of these products can cause serious side-effects, so it's best to consult with a physician before taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOIs work by altering the way your mind works. They inhibit the activity of an enzyme called monoamine oxidase, which breaks down the chemical norepinephrine and serotonin, which enable brain cells to communicate with each with each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to remain in your brain. This improves brain cell communication, and elevates your mood. These medications are also effective in treating anxiety disorders , specifically anxiety disorders like agoraphobia and mixed depression and anxiety states. They are less effective for pure anxiety and might not help with a panic attack. The effectiveness of MAOIs has been due to the fact that they boost levels of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters are naturally produced in your body and then released into the bloodstream, from where they travel to nerve cells and act as messengers between neurons. The first antidepressant to be developed in the 1950s was Iproniazid, that inhibited monoamine oxide. This led to the development of additional MAOIs, like tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid, that have been used for a long time to help treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. MAOIs can trigger severe withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped. They can also trigger serious food and drug interactions. A newer version of MAOI, dubbed an irreversible and selective MAO-A inhibitor, is under investigation for use in treatment resistant depression. It is not recommended for use in bipolar disorder since it may trigger manic symptoms. Another newer MAOI, selegiline (Eldepryl or Zelapar), is being studied for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase, but does not affect other enzymes that break down levodopa – the primary treatment for Parkinson's. These drugs can be used in conjunction with other antidepressants. MAOIs can trigger hyperreflexia as well as increased neuromuscular excitation in some patients. This can manifest itself as eyelid twitching or muscle moving. These reactions could be more common if these drugs are taken along with certain food items like aged cheeses or preserved meats.